- Names
-
- Marie Barthez
- Jessica Flahaut
- Martin Guitreau
- Raphaël Pik
- Gen Ito
- Cyrille Delangle
- Jean-Paul Gremilliet
- Béatrice Luais
- François Faure
- Title
- A VNIR spectral database of terrestrial magmatic rocks for the interpretation of Martian plagioclase hyperspectral detections
- Abstract
- Visible Near-InfraRed (VNIR) spectroscopy is a powerful tool to assess the mineralogical composition of planetary surfaces remotely. Despite decades of investigation with the Observatoire pour la Minéralogie, l'Eau, les Glaces et l'Activité (OMEGA) and the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) instruments, new detections are still being made on Mars. Plagioclase signatures were reported on the surface of Mars with CRISM, and it could be indicative of uncommon lithologies, as plagioclase is known to be difficult to detect with VNIR spectroscopy, except for plagioclase-pure rocks (i.e., anorthosite). The present study investigates the VNIR spectra of 67 plagioclase-bearing terrestrial igneous rocks of various nature (e.g., granite, anorthosite, gabbro, tonalite, syenite and their volcanic equivalents) that were kept uncrushed as Mars candidate analog rocks. Total rock spectra were measured with a point spectrometer, while the spectra of their plagioclase constituents are extracted from hyperspectral camera analyses. In parallel, the petrology of rocks and the chemical compositions of feldspar minerals are evaluated with optical microscopy and electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) respectively. Most plagioclase crystals in our sample collection exhibit diagnostic absorption features centered between 1.15μm and 1.40μm at the mineral level, unless the mineral is altered and/or weathered. Both physical and spectral evidence for alteration products, such as muscovite and prehnite, are observed. Still, plagioclase signatures are often masked on the total rock spectra (44 out of 67 samples). We found that the main factors that control the spectral signature of plagioclase in the total rock spectra are its chemical composition and grain size, as well as the associated minerals and the rock albedo. Plagioclase spectral signatures are observed in total rock spectra of samples containing as little as 18% plagioclase, challenging previously published estimates and interpretations based on studies of powders and grain mixtures. Diagnostic plagioclase signatures are visible in the spectra of rocks of various natures and textures, including plagioclase-phyric basalt, anorthosite, granite and granodiorite, opening up a range of possibilities for the nature of the lithologies involved in Mars detections.
- Keywords
- Mars, Plagioclase, Analogs, VNIR spectroscopy, hyperspectral imagery
- Document type
- article
- Publication state
- in press
- Experiment/Spectra
-
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Granite (CM1) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Granite (CM1), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Granodiorite (CM2) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Granodiorite (CM2), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Granodiorite (CM3) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Granodiorite (CM3), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Granite (CM7) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Granite (CM7), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Gabbro (CM10) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Gabbro (CM10), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Tonalite (CM11) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Tonalite (CM11), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Tonalite (CM12) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Tonalite (CM12), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Granodiorite (CM13) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Granodiorite (CM13), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Granodiorite (CM15) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Granodiorite (CM15), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Anorthosite (CM46) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Anorthosite (CM46), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Anorthosite (CM49) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Anorthosite (CM49), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Anorthosite (CM51) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Anorthosite (CM51), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Anorthosite (CM58) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Anorthosite (CM58), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Syenite (CM70) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Syenite (CM70), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Syenite (CM71) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Syenite (CM71), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Anorthosite (NA1) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Anorthosite (NA1), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Anorthosite (NA2) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Anorthosite (NA2), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Tonalite (NB2) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Tonalite (NB2), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Gneiss (NC2) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Gneiss (NC2), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Granite (NC3) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Granite (NC3), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Granodiorite (NC5) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Granodiorite (NC5), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Migmatite (NC6) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Migmatite (NC6), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Pegmatite (NC7) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Pegmatite (NC7), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Granite (NC10) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Granite (NC10), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Gabbro (ND4) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Gabbro (ND4), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Gabbro (ND5) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Gabbro (ND5), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Granite (NJ8) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Granite (NJ8), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Granite (NJ9) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Granite (NJ9), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Granite (NJ10) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Granite (NJ10), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Granite (NJ11) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Granite (NJ11), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Diabase (NM1) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Diabase (NM1), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Anorthosite (NM4) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Anorthosite (NM4), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Anorthosite (NM6) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Anorthosite (NM6), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Anorthosite (NM7) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Anorthosite (NM7), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Anorthosite (NM8) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Anorthosite (NM8), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Gabbro (VTG2) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Gabbro (VTG2), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Granite (VTG8) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Granite (VTG8), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Granite (VTG9) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Granite (VTG9), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Granite (VTG13) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Granite (VTG13), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Granite (VTG14) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Granite (VTG14), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Diorite (VTG17) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Diorite (VTG17), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Monzogabbro (VTG20) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Monzogabbro (VTG20), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Gabbro (VTG25) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Gabbro (VTG25), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Trachyandesite (CM69) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Trachyandesite (CM69), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Basalt (CM72) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Trachyandesite (CM73) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Trachyandesite (CM73), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Rhyolite (NC1) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Rhyolite (NC1), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Trachybasalt (NC11) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Trachybasalt (NC11), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Phonolite (NC13) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Phonolite (NC13), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Basalt (NC15) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Basalt (NC15), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Trachyandesite (NC16) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Trachyandesite (NC16), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Basalt (NF1) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Basalt (NF1), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Dacite (NJ1) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Dacite (NJ1), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Dacite (NJ2) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Dacite (NJ2), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Dacite (NJ3) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Dacite (NJ3), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Dacite (NJ4) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Dacite (NJ4), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Dacite (NJ5) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Dacite (NJ5), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Dacite (NJ6) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Dacite (NJ6), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Dacite (NJ7) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Dacite (NJ7), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Basalt (NR1) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Basalt (NR1), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Basalt (NR2) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Basalt (NR2), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Basalt (NW1) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Basalt (NW1), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Basalt (NW2) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Andesite (VTG6) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Andesite (VTG6), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Andesite (VTG7) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Andesite (VTG7), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Latite (VTG21) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Latite (VTG21), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)
- VNIR reflectance spectrum of Rhyolite (VTG32) measured on cut slab using the Contact Probe (ASD Fieldspec 4)
- SWIR reflectance spectrum of the plagioclase contained in Rhyolite (VTG32), measured on cut slab using the SWIR-640 camera (HySpex)