Molecule
Name
Methane
IUPAC name
(12C,1H4)Methane
Secondary names
Methyl hydride, CH4, CH4-12
InChI
InChI=1S/CH4/h1H4/i1+0H4
InChI key
VNWKTOKETHGBQD-XDMSWEHDSA-N
Comments
$^{12}CH_4$ isotope
Formula
$^{12}CH_4$
Chemical formula
CH4
Isotopic formula
[12]C[1]H4
Structural formula
[12CH4]
Charge
0
Unpaired electrons
0
  Atom Name Number
$^{12}C$ Carbon 1
$^1H$ Hydrogen 4
Relations
  • no
Isotope mixture type
pure isotope
Spin type
equilibrated
Spin quantum numbers
0, 1, 2
Equilibrium ortho/para ratio
4.5 (9/2)
Equilibrium meta/para ratio
2.5 (5/2)
Molar mass
16.0313 $g/mol$
State STP
gas
Protic
aprotic
Polarity
nonpolar
Dipole
0.0 $D$
Molecule symmetry
Td
Case
spherical-top
Vibrations number
4
Vibrations
Label Mode Bond Symmetry Degeneracy Fundamental frequency Observed frequency Observed frequency Harmonic frequency Activity IR Activity Raman Strength Comments
V1 stretching sym. $^{12}CH_4$ $A_{1}$ no 2917.0 3025.5 inactive active ia Raman: 2917.0 $cm^{-1}$ (gas)
V2 deformation $^{12}CH_4$ $E$ double 1534.0 1533.0 1582.7 inactive active m inactif, but Coriolis interaction with V4 - Raman: 1533.6 $cm^{-1}$ (gas)
V3 stretching $^{12}CH_4$ $F_{2}$ triple 3019.0 3018.9 3156.8 active active vs Raman: 3019.5 $cm^{-1}$ (gas)
V4 deformation $^{12}CH_4$ $F_{2}$ triple 1306.0 1306.2 1367.4 active inactive vs
Comments
Harmonic frequencies from Gray and Robiette (1979) - Data from NIST Chemistry WebBook
Publications
Chemical bonds
  Bond Number
$\geq ^{12}C-^1H$ 4