Constituent
Name
Forsterite
IMA name
Forsterite
Class
silicate mineral
Compound type
nesosilicate
Comments
Forsterite: name by extension of (Fe,Mg)2SiO4 in the range Fe=0-10% - Equivalent Space Group: Pbnm (62)
Relevance
main - major
Arrangement
single phase
Mass fraction
1.0
Formula
$Mg_2.SiO_4$
Chemical formula
Mg2SiO4
Elemental formula
Mg1.788 Si1.002 O4 Ca0.002 Al0.001 Mn0.003 Fe0.201
Isotope mixture type
terrestrial abundance
  Formula Name Family Number min-max Isotope mole fraction State Relevance
$Mg$ Magnesium element 1.788 1.0 constituent element main
$Si$ Silicon element 1.002 1.0 constituent element main
$O$ Oxygen element 4 1.0 constituent element main
$Ca$ Calcium element 0.002 1.0 constituent element replacement
$Al$ Aluminium element 0.001 1.0 constituent element replacement
$Mn$ Manganese element 0.003 1.0 constituent element replacement
$Fe$ Iron element 0.201 1.0 constituent element replacement
Composition comments
Common substitution: Fe
Chemical functions
  Function Number
$(SiO_4)^{4-}$ 1
Chemical bonds
  Bond Number
$\geq Si-O^-$ 4
Oxides
Formula $FeO$ $SiO_{2}$ $MgO$ $CaO$ $MnO$ $Al_{2}O_{3}$ $Cr_{2}O_{3}$ $ZnO$ $BaO$
Mass fraction (%) 9.77 40.79 48.8 0.07 0.14 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01

Strunz

Class
silicates (09)
Division
nesosilicate (09.A)
Family
without additional anions; cations in octahedral [6] coordination (09.AC)
Code
09.AC.05

Dana

Major class
silicates (VIII)
Class
nesosilicate insular SiO4 groups only (51)
Type
with all cations in octahedral [6] coordination (51.03)
Group
Olivine group (51.03.01)
Code
51.03.01.02
Phase type
crystalline
Crystal system
orthorhombic
Crystal class
dipyramidal
Crystal class symbol
mmm (D2h)
Crystal spacegroup
Pnma
Composition order
ordered
Molar mass
147.12 $g/mol$
Density
3.271 $g/cm^3$
Refringence type
biaxial
Refringence sign
negative
Birefringence
0.0330
Refraction index $n_{\alpha}$
1.636
Refraction index $n_{\beta}$
1.650
Refraction index $n_{\gamma}$
1.669
Dispersion V
r > v or r < v
Color
green, yellow, yellow green, white
Diaphaneity
transparent to translucent
Luster
vitreous