Planetary body
- Name
- Earth
- Secondary names
- Blue planet, Gaia / Gaea, Terra, Tellus
- Discoverer
- Adam & Eve
- Family
- planet
- Dynamic family
- planet
- Physical type
- telluric
Satellites and Rings
- Satellites number
- 1
- Ring system
- no
- Comments
- also 5 quasi-satellites
- Periapsis
- 147095000.0 $km$
- Apoapsis
- 152100000.0 $km$
- Semimajor axis
- 149598023.0 $km$ (1.001 $AU$)
- Eccentricity
- 0.0167086
- Inclination to ecliptic
- 5e-05°
- Axial tilt
- 7.155° to cental body equator
- Orbit direction
- prograde
- Synchronous
- no
- Period
- 365.256363 days
- Synchronous
- no
- Obliquity
- 23.4393°
- Period
- 1.0 days
- Dimensions
- 6356.8 $\it km$ (polar) - 6378.1 $\it km$ (equatorial)
- Mean radius
- 6371.0 $km$
- Mass
- 5.97237e+24 $kg$ (1.0 Earth mass)
- Mean density
- 5.514 $g/cm^{3}$
Surface
- Gravity
- 9.8066 $m/s^{2}$
- Geometric albedo (Vis)
- 0.367
- Bond albedo
- 0.306
- Temperature
- 184 K (pole) - 287.16 K (mean) - 330 K (equator)
- Pressure
- 1.01325 bar at mean sea level
- Atmosphere species
-
Name State Mole fraction Location N2 gas 78.084 % atmosphere O2 gas 20.946 % atmosphere Ar gas 0.934 % atmosphere CO2 gas 0.0413 % atmosphere H2O gas 1.0 % atmosphere O3 gas 0.001 % stratosphere H2O droplets liquid tropospheric clouds H2O ice solid stratospheric clouds - Atmosphere comments
- Contains also $Ne, He, CH_4, Kr$ and $H_2$ for less than 0.003%. Water abundance is highly variable: 0.001 - 5%
- Surface species
-
Name State Mole fraction Location Fe solid 32.1 % surface, subsurface, crust, mantle O solid 30.1 % surface, subsurface, crust, mantle Si solid 15.1 % surface, subsurface, crust, mantle Mg solid 13.9 % surface, subsurface, crust, mantle S solid 2.9 % surface, subsurface, crust, mantle Ni solid 1.8 % surface, subsurface, crust, mantle Ca solid 1.5 % surface, subsurface, crust, mantle Al solid 1.4 % surface, subsurface, crust, mantle other solid 1.2 % surface, subsurface, crust, mantle - Surface comments
- All types of minerals in the crust (continental - oceanic) mostly made of silica ($SiO_2$, 60.6-48.6%), alumina ($Al_2O_3$, 15.9-16.5%), lime ($CaO$, 6.4-12.3%), magnesia ($MgO$, 4.6-6.8%), iron oxide ($FeO_x$, 6.7-6.2%), sodium oxide ($Na_2O$, 3.1-2.6%), potassium oxide ($K_2O$, 1.8-0.4%), titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$, 0.7-1.4%), phosphorous pentoxide ($P_2O_5$, 0.13-0.3%), manganese oxide ($MnO$, 0.1-1.4%), water ($H_2O$, 1.4-1.1%), and carbon dioxide ($CO_2$, 1.2-1.4%).