Experiment
VIS-NIR reflectance spectra collected during a sublimation experiment with ternary mixtures of CO2 frost, spherical water ice particles and JSC Mars-1 regolith simulant
Sub-Experiment
CO2 frost, 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice, 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1. Texture: compacted.
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 170.0 K (t=0.5 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 135.0 K (t=1.0 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 130.0 K (t=1.6 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 125.0 K (t=2.1 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 150.0 K (t=2.8 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 225.0 K (t=3.4 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 230.0 K (t=3.9 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 240.0 K (t=4.4 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 245.0 K (t=5.0 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 252.0 K (t=5.5 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 258.0 K (t=6.1 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 260.0 K (t=6.6 hours)
Sub-Experiment
CO2 frost, 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice, 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1. Texture: powder.
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 170.0 K (t=0.5 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 135.0 K (t=1.0 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 130.0 K (t=1.6 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 125.0 K (t=2.1 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 150.0 K (t=2.8 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 225.0 K (t=3.4 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 230.0 K (t=3.9 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 240.0 K (t=4.4 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 245.0 K (t=5.0 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 252.0 K (t=5.5 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 258.0 K (t=6.1 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% fine-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 260.0 K (t=6.6 hours)
Sub-Experiment
CO2 frost, 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice, 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1. Texture: compacted.
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 170.0 K (t=0.5 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 135.0 K (t=1.0 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 130.0 K (t=1.6 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 125.0 K (t=2.1 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 150.0 K (t=2.8 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 225.0 K (t=3.4 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 230.0 K (t=3.9 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 240.0 K (t=4.4 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 245.0 K (t=5.0 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 252.0 K (t=5.5 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 258.0 K (t=6.1 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted; at 260.0 K (t=6.6 hours)
Sub-Experiment
CO2 frost, 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice, 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1. Texture: powder.
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 170.0 K (t=0.5 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 135.0 K (t=1.0 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 130.0 K (t=1.6 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 125.0 K (t=2.1 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 150.0 K (t=2.8 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 225.0 K (t=3.4 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 230.0 K (t=3.9 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 240.0 K (t=4.4 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 245.0 K (t=5.0 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 252.0 K (t=5.5 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 258.0 K (t=6.1 hours)
Spectrum
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: powder; at 260.0 K (t=6.6 hours)
Sample
Sample evolved by sublimation of an initial ternary mixture of CO2 frost with 3 wt.% coarse-grained water ice and 0.2 wt.% of JSC Mars-1; texture: compacted;
Atom
- Name
- Manganese(II) cation
- IUPAC name
- Manganese(2+) cation
- InChI
- InChI=1S/Mn/q+2
- InChI key
- WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS number
- 16397-91-4
- Comments
- natural Mn2+ - 100% 55Mn2+
- Symbol
- Mn2+
- Formula
- $Mn^{2+}$
- Charge
- 2
- Atomic number Z
- 25
- Nuclear spin I
- 5/2
- Molar mass
- 54.938045 $g/mol$
- Isotope mixture type
- terrestrial abundance