Dark basalt | BYPASS

Experiment Vis-NIR reflectance spectra of JSC Mars 1 or Dark basalt powders pure, and/or mixed with H2O ice (with ice particles ~4 or ~67 µm, or in a slab), and/or covered with H2O frost

Sub-Experiment Mineral powders

Sub-Experiment JSC Mars-1

Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 (original powder) at 293 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 (grains > 400 µm) at 293 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 (grains 200-400 µm) at 293 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 (grains 100-200 µm) at 293 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm) at 293 K

Sub-Experiment Dark basalt

Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt (original powder) at 293 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt (grains > 400 µm) at 293 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt (grains 200-400 µm) at 293 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt (grains 100-200 µm) at 293 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt (grains < 100 µm) at 293 K

Sub-Experiment Water frost on JSC Mars-1

Sub-Experiment Water frost on grains > 400 µm

Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 (grains > 400 µm) at 293 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~14 µm thick) on JSC Mars-1 (grains > 400 µm) at ~110 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~33 µm thick) on JSC Mars-1 (grains > 400 µm) at ~110 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~50 µm thick) on JSC Mars-1 (grains > 400 µm) at ~110 K

Sub-Experiment Water frost on grains < 100 µm

Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm) at 293 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~14 µm thick) on JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm) at ~110 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~33 µm thick) on JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm) at ~110 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~50 µm thick) on JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm) at ~110 K

Sub-Experiment Water frost on Dark basalt

Sub-Experiment Water frost on grains > 400 µm

Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt (grains > 400 µm) at 293 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~13 µm thick) on Dark basalt (grains > 400 µm) at ~100 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~52 µm thick) on Dark basalt (grains > 400 µm) at ~100 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~75 µm thick) on Dark basalt (grains > 400 µm) at ~100 K

Sub-Experiment Water frost on grains < 100 µm

Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt (grains < 100 µm) at 293 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~13 µm thick) on Dark basalt (grains < 100 µm) at ~100 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~52 µm thick) on Dark basalt (grains < 100 µm) at ~100 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~75 µm thick) on Dark basalt (grains < 100 µm) at ~100 K

Sub-Experiment Intimate mixture of Water ice and JSC Mars-1

Sub-Experiment Intimate mixture with water ice particles 4.5±2.5 μm

Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 (original powder) at 293 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 mixed with 10 wt% Water ice particles (4.5±2.5 μm) at ~90 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 mixed with 35 wt% Water ice particles (4.5±2.5 μm) at ~90 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 mixed with 50 wt% Water ice particles (4.5±2.5 μm) at ~90 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 mixed with 75 wt% Water ice particles (4.5±2.5 μm) at ~90 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water ice particles (4.5±2.5 μm) at ~120 K

Sub-Experiment Intimate mixture with water ice particles 67±31 μm

Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 (original powder) at 293 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 mixed with 10 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~100 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 mixed with 35 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~100 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 mixed with 50 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~100 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 mixed with 75 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~100 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~120 K

Sub-Experiment Intimate mixture of Water ice and Dark basalt

Sub-Experiment Intimate mixture with water ice particles 67±31 μm

Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt (original powder) at 293 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt mixed with 35 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~120 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt mixed with 50 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~120 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt mixed with 75 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~120 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~120 K

Sub-Experiment Intimate mixture with water ice particles 67±31 μm and Frost

Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~80 µm) over Dark basalt mixed with 35 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~120 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~80 µm) over Dark basalt mixed with 50 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~120 K Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~80 µm) over Dark basalt mixed with 75 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~120 K

Sub-Experiment Water saturated frozen soils

Sub-Experiment JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm)

Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (87 wt%) JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm) after 3h of sublimation Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (87 wt%) JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm) after 7h of sublimation Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (87 wt%) JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm) after 14h of sublimation Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (87 wt%) JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm) after 17h of sublimation

Sub-Experiment Dark basalt (grains < 100 µm)

Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (90 wt%) Dark Basalt (grains < 100 µm) after 3h of sublimation Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (90 wt%) Dark Basalt (grains < 100 µm) after 3.5h of sublimation Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (90 wt%) Dark Basalt (grains < 100 µm) after 4h of sublimation Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (90 wt%) Dark Basalt (grains < 100 µm) after 4.5h of sublimation Spectrum Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (90 wt%) Dark Basalt (grains < 100 µm) after 4.6h of sublimation

Matter

Name: Dark basalt

Family

Family: solid

Owner of matter

Database

BYPASS

Experimentalists

Zuriñe Yoldi

Matter origin

Origins: natural terrestrial
Provider: C. Okubo
Local reference code: Dark basalt

Geolocation

Body name: Earth
Place: Collected from the active dunes in the Kau Desert region, Hawaii, USA , Hawaii , United States

Matter preparation and component types

Preparation: raw
Phase type: solid
Component type (group): igneous rock (unknown)

Matter shape and texture

Shape: loose powder
Texture: compact glassy
Type of porosity: open pores

Grains

Grain sizes

Grains	Size min	Size max	Size median	Size width	Size mass fraction	Grain shape
#1			109.0 ${\mu}m$		1.0	None

Size distribution

mean size of 109 µm

Size method

dry sieving

Materials in matter

Number

Mode of mixing

homogeneous mixing

Materials

	Name	Arrangement	Mass (g)	Mass fraction	Abundance comments
	Basalt			1.0

Matter processings